1. Background and Rationale Under the principle of “No Work Without a Permit,” field instrumentation personnel often face a dilemma in emergency scenarios: Should they strictly wait for the completion of permit approval before starting work, or Take immediate action to mitigate the risk and potentially violate the rules? Since the introduction of the Work […]
The safety of food is a critical aspect of human health and a fundamental part of maintaining economic stability and social harmony. Ensuring food safety is a complex, systematic process involving every step from production to distribution and, ultimately, consumption. The use of sensors in food production has become an essential element for controlling safety
The Role of Sensors in the Food Industry Read More »
1. Introduction NAMUR (Normenarbeitsgemeinschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik in der Chemischen Industrie) is a leading German user association that develops important guidelines for process automation. Among its many recommendations, NE 43 and NE 107 are particularly influential in device diagnostics and health monitoring. Although both aim to improve reliability and safety in process industries, they
Differences Between NAMUR NE 43 and NAMUR NE 107 Read More »
1. Introduction In industrial automation systems, especially in power plants and petrochemical industries, the 4–20 mA current loop remains the most widely adopted standard for analog signal transmission. Compared with voltage signals (e.g., 0–10 V), the 4–20 mA signal offers superior noise immunity, long-distance transmission capability, and inherent safety, making it the preferred choice in
Common 4–20 mA Output Chips for Industrial Applications Read More »
Company: Dalian Zero Instrument Technology Co., Ltd.Document Type: Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)Effective Date: 18th Sep 2025Version: V1.0 1. Scope This document specifies the inspection, zero-point calibration, and maintenance procedures for common industrial instruments, including flowmeters, level transmitters, pressure transmitters, and valves. It is applicable to on-site commissioning, preventive maintenance, troubleshooting, and periodic inspection in chemical, petrochemical,
Instrument Maintenance Inspection and Operation Specification Read More »
In a chemical plant, instruments are essential for monitoring operational status. Their parameters are crucial for safe production and producing compliant products. Therefore, chemical instrument inspections are not merely routine tasks but essential checks for identifying hazards, reducing risks, and ensuring product quality. Without adequate inspections, complex chemical processes and high-speed equipment operations can result
Key Points for Chemical Instrument Inspection Read More »
Introduction Hydrogen (H₂) and nitrogen (N₂) are two of the most important industrial gases, widely used in industries ranging from chemical synthesis and metallurgy to energy and electronics. Monitoring their purity and mixture ratios is crucial for process efficiency, safety, and product quality. In practice, users often face a choice: should they use a single
Hydrogen and Nitrogen Purity Analyzers: Single Gas vs. Mixed Gas Solutions Read More »
1. Introduction Threads play a critical role in connection, sealing, and power transmission across mechanical manufacturing, piping systems, and equipment maintenance. Due to differences in standards, thread profiles, and application environments, engineers must carefully select the appropriate thread type.This document provides a systematic comparison of NPT, PT (BSPT), G (BSPP), TR, S, M, ZG, and
Understanding the Differences Between Common Thread Types Read More »
1. Introduction In process control, the Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller is one of the most widely used strategies.However, when the setpoint (SP) undergoes a sudden step change, the standard PID often causes controller output overshoot, valve oscillations, and mechanical stress.To address this issue, an improved structure known as Proportional–Derivative First (PD–PI) Control has been developed. This
How to Effectively Mitigate System Shock Caused by Setpoint Changes Read More »
1. Introduction Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are the backbone of modern industrial production. Their architecture is designed with multiple layers to ensure efficiency, reliability, and stability. This document provides a structured overview of ICS architecture, communication networks, redundancy and security mechanisms, and future development trends. 2. Three-Tier Architecture of ICS 2.1 Field Control Layer —
Industrial Control Systems: Architecture, Networks, Redundancy, and Future Trends Read More »
