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Is SIS Mandatory for Level-3 Major Hazard Sources Involving Liquefied Gases?

PLC /

This article examines whether Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) are required for Level-3 major hazard sources involving liquefied gases. The analysis is based on Chinese regulations, industry standards, and risk assessment methodologies. We explore key conditions under which SIS becomes necessary, especially for hazardous chemicals such as LNG, LPG, and liquid ammonia. 1. Regulatory and Standard-Based […]

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Types of Noise in Transmitters: A Detailed Overview

Transmitter /

Noise in transmitters can significantly affect the accuracy and reliability of measurements in industrial and electronic systems. Understanding the different types of noise that can occur within a transmitter helps in designing systems that minimize these disturbances, ensuring more stable performance. Below is a detailed breakdown of the common types of noise found in transmitters,

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Key Considerations and Checklist for Instrumentation Construction Drawing Review

Instrumentation /

1. Introduction The review of instrumentation construction drawings is a critical step to ensure project safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. A thorough and systematic review helps identify potential issues in advance, avoiding errors and rework during construction. This document outlines the key aspects and best practices for reviewing instrumentation drawings. 2. Pre-Review Preparation As the saying

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How to Select an Electromagnetic Flow Meter for Hydrochloric Acid Applications

Flow meter /

1. Introduction Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a highly corrosive medium commonly encountered in chemical processing, water treatment, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Accurate and stable flow measurement of hydrochloric acid requires a carefully selected electromagnetic flow meter (magmeter) with appropriate wetted materials. This document provides guidelines for material selection and configuration when measuring HCl with electromagnetic flow

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Temperature Effects on Load Cell Performance

Sensors /

Introduction Temperature is one of the most significant environmental factors that affect the accuracy and longevity of load cells. Whether you’re measuring forces in an outdoor setting or in a climate-controlled facility, temperature fluctuations can lead to errors in readings. This article explains how temperature affects load cell performance, why it matters, and how to

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Can Radar Measure All Types of Liquids? Absolutely Not—Here’s Why

Level meter /

In industrial automation systems, “level” may seem like a basic variable. But anyone with on-site experience knows: level measurement is an underrated technical challenge. You’re not dealing with laboratory-grade pure water, but with aggressive, sticky, volatile, or high-temperature liquids—each with its own “personality.” The wrong level device selection can lead to instrument failure, production stoppages,

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I/O Allocation Principles and I/O Point Calculation Method for DCS Control Systems

PLC /

1. General Principles for I/O Allocation 1.1 Redundancy Principle To comply with the single-fault tolerance requirement, redundant devices should be assigned to different controllers or I/O modules to ensure that failure in one does not affect the entire system. 1.2 Power Isolation Principle DO points may have different power sources (e.g., 24VDC or 220VAC, powered

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Are Protective Earthing and Enclosure Grounding the Same Thing?

Instrumentation /

In the world of industrial automation and electrical safety, terms like protective earthing (PE) and enclosure grounding are often used interchangeably. However, while they may physically share the same grounding point, their purposes, design principles, and regulatory implications are fundamentally different. Understanding this distinction is crucial for engineers, electricians, and system integrators alike. ✅ What

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Selection Guide for Chemical Instrumentation: Principles, Scenarios, and Pitfalls

Instrumentation /

Chemical instrumentation plays a vital role in ensuring the safe and stable operation of chemical production processes. Proper selection must comprehensively consider process conditions, media characteristics, environmental requirements, measurement accuracy, and more. This guide presents the core logic and key steps for instrument selection in chemical industries. 1. Define Process Requirements: Start with the Measurement

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